Complicaciones cardiovasculares de la COVID-19 en pacientes hospitalizados, revisión sistemática de la literatura

Henry Mejia-Zambrano; Livia Ramos-Calsín

doi:10.35839/repis.5.3.1054

Autores/as

Henry Mejia-Zambrano Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Perú http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7325-7796
Livia Ramos-Calsín Centro de Salud Mental Comunitario San Borja – MINSA, Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7004-9190

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35839/repis.5.3.1054

Palabras clave:

SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, sistema cardiovascular, anomalías cardiovasculares

Resumen

Antecedentes: La enfermedad del COVID-19 causado por el virus, SARS-CoV-2, comenzó en la región de Wuhan de la República Popular de China, a finales del 2019, generando complicaciones y mortalidad en pacientes hospitalizados. Objetivo: Revisar la literatura de manera sistemática sobre las complicaciones cardiovasculares de la COVID-19 en pacientes hospitalizados. Métodos: Se incluyeron estudios observacionales, estudios sobre complicaciones cardiovasculares en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19, estudios con textos disponibles y estudios en idioma inglés y español. Se realizó una síntesis narrativa de los datos recopilados, sin un análisis formal estadístico. Además, de análisis cualitativo de las principales patologías y manifestaciones clínicas notificadas. Se empleo la herramienta de la calidad del estudio de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud de los Estados Unidos. Resultados: En esta revisión se observó que el 50.6 % de los pacientes infectados por el SARS-CoV-2, padecieron alguna comorbilidad cardiovascular (43.5 % hipertensión arterial (HTA) y 19.8 % diabetes mellitus). Las complicaciones del COVID-19 en pacientes infectados fueron: (44.1 %) tromboembolismo venoso, (32 %) infarto agudo de miocardio (IMA), (19.2 %) miocarditis, (16.3 %) arritmia y (11.2 %) enfermedad cerebrovascular. Conclusión: Los principales efectos cardiovasculares en pacientes infectados por el SARS-COV-2 fueron miocarditis, infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM), tromboembolismo venoso, enfermedad cerebro vascular (ECV).

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Biografía del autor/a

Henry Mejia-Zambrano, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Perú

Estudiante de Medicina Humana
Livia Ramos-Calsín, Centro de Salud Mental Comunitario San Borja – MINSA, Lima, Perú

Licenciada en Enfermería

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