Composición y comportamiento inicial de malezas precoces en sustrato con plantas de Solanum lycopersicum L. en Satipo

Abstract

Weeds in the tropics due to hot, humid and rainy weather in 30 days cover 100% of the soil surface against cultivated plants; There are no studies on the dynamics of weeds in tomato that allow us to understand how to avoid the use of herbicides. We have worked with 12 javas of agricultural land exposed to the elements with irrigation and rain; the seedlings were counted and weighed by species and family at 30 days; Plants with roots were extracted, grouped by species and weighed on a digital gramera scale; the data was processed in excel with formulas for the percentage and the quantities per m2. 12 species of weeds have been registered, of these four forage, three edible, three antibiotics, one medicinal and one nematicide; Phyllantus niruri L. was the most abundant with 80.4 individuals per m² (27.93%); Euphorbia heterophylla is the heaviest in green matter with 106.43 g/m² (28.68%); Euphorbiaceae are more abundant in number of species per family, with three species representing 25%; Poaceae are the most abundant per m2, with 84.89 individuals (29.5%); Euphorbiaceae are the heaviest with 196.16 g/m² (51.8%). The most important thing was to find a diversity of early weeds in the first 30 days in an abundance that covered 100% of the soil surface, which helped to extract the plants from each java, identify them, count them and weigh them.