Beneficios del uso de vitamina C en el paciente séptico: ¿qué tanto la apoya la evidencia esta indicación?

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35839/repis.8.1.1892

Palabras clave:

ácido ascórbico, sepsis, cuidados críticos, terapéutica, literatura de revisión como asunto

Resumen

Objetivo: resumir y analizar la evidencia más reciente sobre el efecto de la administración de vitamina C en el paciente con sepsis. Métodos: revisión narrativa. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica, utilizando los términos de búsqueda “Vitamina C” y “Sepsis”, además de sinónimos, los cuales fueron combinados con los operadores “AND” y “OR”, en las bases de datos PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, y MEDLINE. Resultados: basados en los últimos estudios celulares y moleculares, se ha evidenciado que la vitamina C posee propiedades antioxidantes, antiinflamatorias, y microbicidas, pudiéndose obtener cierto beneficio de su uso en sepsis. Mientras algunos ensayos controlados aleatorizados han encontrado un incremento del riesgo de hasta el 20% de morir o presentar falla orgánica persistente, otros han observado una disminución de la mortalidad de hasta un 40%, además de la estancia hospitalaria y duración de ventilación mecánica. Conclusión: a la fecha, la evidencia es heterogénea respecto al posible beneficio en el uso de vitamina C intravenosa como terapia sola o combinada en el manejo del paciente con sepsis o shock séptico. Mientras los ensayos controlados aleatorizados parecieran demostrar ausencia de beneficio, principalmente respecto a mortalidad o persistencia de falla orgánica a los 28 días, algunos meta-análisis tienden a mostrar una reducción del riesgo de muerte. Por lo tanto, sigue faltando evidencia que amplíe este panorama.

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Citas

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Publicado

2024-03-30

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Arana-Restrepo V, González-Güiza MA, Cotes-Rodríguez JM, Aristizábal-Robayo MF, Thyme-Arias JF, Cardona-Jaramillo CA, Ortiz-Sierra LIA, Ortega-Sierra MG. Beneficios del uso de vitamina C en el paciente séptico: ¿qué tanto la apoya la evidencia esta indicación?. Rev Peru Investig Salud [Internet]. 30 de marzo de 2024 [citado 7 de febrero de 2025];8(1):e1892. Disponible en: https://revistas.unheval.edu.pe/index.php/repis/article/view/1892

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